Logical Analysis Report

Key Focus

Karsenty has ushered in the idea that bone is involved in communicating with other tissues in the body that wasn't really understood or investigated before."
We now know that bones communicate by participating in a network of signals to other organs through producing their own hormones, proteins that circulate in the blood. Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
"The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron
He suspected that it played a crucial role in bone remodelling - the process by which our bones continuously remove and create new tissue - which enables us to grow during childhood and adolescence, and also recover from injuries.
Intending to study this, he conducted a genetic knockout experiment, removing the gene responsible for osteocalcin from mice.

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Knowledge Graph(Read more)

Complex Event Analysis(Read more)

High Level Topics

OSTEOCALCIN

KARSENTY

HORMONE

High Level Abstractions

OSTEOCALCIN(4, 0 Order)

( OSTEOCALCIN )(4, 0 Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE )(3, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, ORGANS )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, MICE )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, METABOLISM )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, LOSS )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, KARSENTY )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, HEALTH )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, FERRON )(1, 2nd Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, MICE )(2, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, KARSENTY )(2, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, SCIENTISTS )(1, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, REMODELLING )(1, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, ORGANS )(1, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, METABOLISM )(1, 1st Order) top

( OSTEOCALCIN, MEDIATED )(1, 1st Order) top

KARSENTY(4, 0 Order)

( KARSENTY )(4, 0 Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE )(4, 1st Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN )(3, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE )(1, 3rd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, FERRON )(2, 3rd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, PHYSIOLOGICAL )(1, 3rd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, ORGANS )(1, 3rd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, MID-LIFE )(1, 3rd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, METABOLISM )(1, 3rd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, HORMONE )(1, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, FERRON )(2, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, STUDENT )(1, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, PHYSIOLOGICAL )(1, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, ORGANS )(1, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, MICE, MUTANT )(1, 2nd Order) top

( KARSENTY, HORMONE )(1, 1st Order) top

( KARSENTY, FERRON )(2, 1st Order) top

( KARSENTY, SUPER-EXPENSIVE )(1, 1st Order) top

( KARSENTY, STUDENT )(1, 1st Order) top

( KARSENTY, SECRETION )(1, 1st Order) top

( KARSENTY, REVOLUTIONISE )(1, 1st Order) top

HORMONE(3, 0 Order)

( HORMONE )(3, 0 Order) top

( HORMONE, ORGANS )(1, 1st Order) top

( HORMONE, MICE )(1, 1st Order) top

( HORMONE, METABOLISM )(1, 1st Order) top

( HORMONE, MEDIATED )(1, 1st Order) top

( HORMONE, LOSS )(1, 1st Order) top

( HORMONE, HEALTH )(1, 1st Order) top

References

( OSTEOCALCIN ) top
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE ) top
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, ORGANS ) top
(Read more) top
We now know that bones communicate by participating in a network of signals to other organs through producing their own hormones, proteins that circulate in the blood. Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have...
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, MICE ) top
(Read more) top. Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
"The idea that bone...
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, METABOLISM ) top
(Read more) top
"The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron.
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, LOSS ) top
(Read more) top
Osteocalcin, a hormone produced in the bones, could one day provide treatments for age-related issues such as muscle and memory loss
David Cox
Sat 4 Jul 2020 12.00 EDT
Gerard Karsenty was a young scientist trying to make a name for himself in the early 1990s when he first stumbled upon a finding that would go on to transform our understanding of bone, and the role...
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, KARSENTY ) top
(Read more) top. Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
"The idea that...
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, HEALTH ) top
(Read more) topKarsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
"The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron
( OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE, FERRON ) top
(Read more) top
"The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron.
( OSTEOCALCIN, MICE ) top
(Read more) top
Intending to study this, he conducted a genetic knockout experiment, removing the gene responsible for osteocalcin from mice.
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , MICE )
( OSTEOCALCIN, KARSENTY ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , KARSENTY )
(Read more) top
But Karsenty's findings have also led scientists to ponder a somewhat profound question: how did bones develop the ability to produce hormones such as osteocalcin in the first place.
The scientist himself believes that the answer lies deep in our evolutionary...
( OSTEOCALCIN, SCIENTISTS ) top
(Read more) top
But Karsenty's findings have also led scientists to ponder a somewhat profound question: how did bones develop the ability to produce hormones such as osteocalcin in the first place.
The scientist himself believes that the answer lies deep in our evolutionary past
( OSTEOCALCIN, REMODELLING ) top
(Read more) top. He suspected that it played a crucial role in bone remodelling - the process by which our bones continuously remove and create new tissue - which enables us to grow during childhood and adolescence, and also recover from injuries.
Intending to study this, he conducted a genetic knockout experiment, removing...
( OSTEOCALCIN, ORGANS ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , ORGANS )
( OSTEOCALCIN, METABOLISM ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , METABOLISM )
( OSTEOCALCIN, MEDIATED ) top
(Read more) top"Because to escape predators, you need your bones to be able to signal to your muscles to run, which is mediated by osteocalcin. To survive, you also need to remember where to find food or where a predator was an hour ago, and such memory processes are regulated by osteocalcin
( KARSENTY ) top
( KARSENTY, MICE ) top
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN ) top
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, HORMONE ) top
(Read more) top... now know that bones communicate by participating in a network of signals to other organs through producing their own hormones, proteins that circulate in the blood. Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
"The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came...
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, FERRON ) top
(Read more) top
"Mice that don't have osteocalcin have increased circulating glucose, and they tend to look a bit stupid," says Ferron.
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , FERRON )
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, PHYSIOLOGICAL ) top
(Read more) topThe circulating levels of osteocalcin declines in humans around mid-life, which is roughly the time when these physiological functions, such as memory and the ability to exercise, begin to decline."
But intriguingly in recent years, Karsenty has conducted a series of experiments in which he has shown that by increasing the levels of osteocalcin in older mice through...
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, ORGANS ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , ORGANS )
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, MID-LIFE ) top
(Read more) topThe circulating levels of osteocalcin declines in humans around mid-life, which is roughly the time when these physiological functions, such as memory and the ability to exercise, begin to decline."
But intriguingly in recent years, Karsenty has conducted a series of experiments in which he has shown that by increasing...
( KARSENTY, MICE, OSTEOCALCIN, METABOLISM ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , METABOLISM )
( KARSENTY, MICE, HORMONE ) top
(Read more) top See ( KARSENTY , MICE , OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE )
( KARSENTY, MICE, FERRON ) top
(Read more) top See ( KARSENTY , MICE , OSTEOCALCIN , FERRON )
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , FERRON )
( KARSENTY, MICE, STUDENT ) top
(Read more) topHowever to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal.
( KARSENTY, MICE, PHYSIOLOGICAL ) top
(Read more) top See ( KARSENTY , MICE , OSTEOCALCIN , PHYSIOLOGICAL )
( KARSENTY, MICE, ORGANS ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , ORGANS )
( KARSENTY, MICE, MUTANT ) top
(Read more) topHowever to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal
( KARSENTY, HORMONE ) top
(Read more) top See ( KARSENTY , MICE , OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE )
( KARSENTY, FERRON ) top
(Read more) top
"Mice that don't have osteocalcin have increased circulating glucose, and they tend to look a bit stupid," says Ferron. "It may sound silly to say this, but they don't learn very well, they appear kind of depressed. But it took Karsenty and his team some time to understand how a protein in bone could be affecting these functions
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , FERRON )
( KARSENTY, SUPER-EXPENSIVE ) top
(Read more) top"For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal. "In those days it was super-expensive to do modification in the mouse genome."
But then Karsenty noticed something unexpected.
( KARSENTY, STUDENT ) top
(Read more) topHowever to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal. "In those days it was super-expensive to do modification in the mouse genome."
But then Karsenty noticed something unexpected
( KARSENTY, SECRETION ) top
(Read more) top. "In the brain, it regulates the secretion of most neurotransmitters that are needed to have memory. The circulating levels of osteocalcin declines in humans around mid-life, which is roughly the time when these physiological functions, such as memory and the ability to exercise, begin to decline."
But...
( KARSENTY, REVOLUTIONISE ) top
(Read more) top
Almost 15 years later, Karsenty would publish the first of a series of landmark papers that would revolutionise our perspective on bone and the skeleton in general.
( HORMONE ) top
( HORMONE, ORGANS ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , ORGANS )
( HORMONE, MICE ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , MICE )
( HORMONE, METABOLISM ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , METABOLISM )
( HORMONE, MEDIATED ) top
(Read more) top "I think that evolution has invented osteocalcin as a survival hormone," he says. "Because to escape predators, you need your bones to be able to signal to your muscles to run, which is mediated by osteocalcin.
( HORMONE, LOSS ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , LOSS )
( HORMONE, HEALTH ) top
(Read more) top See ( OSTEOCALCIN , HORMONE , HEALTH )