Complex Event Analysis - Report

Complex Event Analysis - REPORT

Supporting narratives:

• momentum (Read more)
• Does the key to anti-ageing lie in our bones.
  The Observer
  Human biology
  Osteocalcin, a hormone produced in the bones, could one day provide treatments for age-related issues such as muscle and memory loss
  David Cox
  Sat 4 Jul 2020 12.00 EDT
  Gerard Karsenty was a young scientist trying to make a name for himself in the early 1990s when he first stumbled upon a finding that would go on to transform our understanding of bone, and the role it plays in our body.
  Karsenty had become interested in osteocalcin, one of the most abundant proteins in bone
• High Level Abstractions:
• (hormone,loss)
• (hormone,loss,osteocalcin)
• Inferred entity relationships (2)

  (hormone,loss,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (hormone,loss) [inferred]

• momentum (Read more)
• Does the key to anti-ageing lie in our bones.
  The Observer
  Human biology
  Osteocalcin, a hormone produced in the bones, could one day provide treatments for age-related issues such as muscle and memory loss
  David Cox
  Sat 4 Jul 2020 12.00 EDT
  Gerard Karsenty was a young scientist trying to make a name for himself in the early 1990s when he first stumbled upon a finding that would go on to transform our understanding of bone, and the role it plays in our body.
  Karsenty had become interested in osteocalcin, one of the most abundant proteins in bone. He suspected that it played a crucial role in bone remodelling - the process by which our bones continuously remove and create new tissue - which enables us to grow during childhood and adolescence, and also recover from injuries.
  Intending to study this, he conducted a genetic knockout experiment, removing the gene responsible for osteocalcin from mice
• High Level Abstractions:
• (osteocalcin,remodelling)

• momentum (Read more)
• This appears to be connected to the levels of osteocalcin in the blood, through its role as a "master regulator", influencing many other hormonal processes in the body.
  People who are very active tend to have less of a cognitive decline with age than sedentary people
  "Osteocalcin acts in muscle to increase the ability to produce ATP, the fuel that allows us to exercise," says Karsenty. "In the brain, it regulates the secretion of most neurotransmitters that are needed to have memory. The circulating levels of osteocalcin declines in humans around mid-life, which is roughly the time when these physiological functions, such as memory and the ability to exercise, begin to decline."
  But intriguingly in recent years, Karsenty has conducted a series of experiments in which he has shown that by increasing the levels of osteocalcin in older mice through injections, you can actually reverse many of these age-related ailments.
  "Osteocalcin seems to be able to reverse manifestations of ageing in the brain and in muscle," he says
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,secretion)

• momentum (Read more)
• "I think that evolution has invented osteocalcin as a survival hormone," he says. "Because to escape predators, you need your bones to be able to signal to your muscles to run, which is mediated by osteocalcin.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (hormone,mediated)

• challenge (Read more)
• The circulating levels of osteocalcin declines in humans around mid-life, which is roughly the time when these physiological functions, such as memory and the ability to exercise, begin to decline."
  But intriguingly in recent years, Karsenty has conducted a series of experiments in which he has shown that by increasing the levels of osteocalcin in older mice through injections, you can actually reverse many of these age-related ailments.
  "Osteocalcin seems to be able to reverse manifestations of ageing in the brain and in muscle," he says
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological)
• (karsenty,mice,physiological)
• Inferred entity relationships (7)

  (karsenty,mice,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological) [inferred]

  (mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,student) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,mutant) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• "Karsenty has ushered in the idea that bone is involved in communicating with other tissues in the body that wasn't really understood or investigated before."
  We now know that bones communicate by participating in a network of signals to other organs through producing their own hormones, proteins that circulate in the blood. Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
  "The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron
• High Level Abstractions:
• (hormone,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin)
• (karsenty,mice,organs)
• (hormone,organs)
• (hormone,karsenty,osteocalcin)
• (hormone,mice)
• (hormone,mice,osteocalcin)
• (hormone,karsenty,mice)
• (hormone,organs,osteocalcin)
• (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin)
• (hormone,karsenty)
• (mice,osteocalcin)
• (organs,osteocalcin)
• (karsenty,osteocalcin)
• Inferred entity relationships (17)

  (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (hormone,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,mutant) [inferred]

  (hormone,mice) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological) [inferred]

  (hormone,karsenty,mice) [inferred]

  (hormone,karsenty,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (hormone,organs) [inferred]

  (mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs) [inferred]

  (hormone,mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (hormone,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,student) [inferred]

  (organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (hormone,karsenty) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
  "The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (metabolism,osteocalcin)
• (hormone,metabolism)
• (karsenty,metabolism,mice,osteocalcin)
• (hormone,metabolism,osteocalcin)
• (ferron,karsenty,mice)
• (ferron,karsenty)
• (ferron,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin)
• (ferron,hormone,osteocalcin)
• Inferred entity relationships (13)

  (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,mutant) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,physiological) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological) [inferred]

  (hormone,metabolism,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,student) [inferred]

  (hormone,metabolism) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty,mice) [inferred]

  (metabolism,osteocalcin) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• Karsenty's mice eventually led him to realise that osteocalcin was in fact one such hormone, and understanding its links to regulating so many of these functions could have future implications in terms of public health interventions.
  "The idea that bone could produce a hormone affecting metabolism or even your liver initially came as a bit of a shock," says Ferron
• High Level Abstractions:
• (health,hormone)
• (health,hormone,osteocalcin)
• Inferred entity relationships (2)

  (health,hormone) [inferred]

  (health,hormone,osteocalcin) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• He suspected that it played a crucial role in bone remodelling - the process by which our bones continuously remove and create new tissue - which enables us to grow during childhood and adolescence, and also recover from injuries.
  Intending to study this, he conducted a genetic knockout experiment, removing the gene responsible for osteocalcin from mice.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (mice,osteocalcin)

• WIP (Read more)
• So that's the idea I see for the future."
  But Karsenty's findings have also led scientists to ponder a somewhat profound question: how did bones develop the ability to produce hormones such as osteocalcin in the first place.
  The scientist himself believes that the answer lies deep in our evolutionary past
• High Level Abstractions:
• (osteocalcin,scientists)
• (karsenty,osteocalcin)

• WIP (Read more)
• "Because to escape predators, you need your bones to be able to signal to your muscles to run, which is mediated by osteocalcin. To survive, you also need to remember where to find food or where a predator was an hour ago, and such memory processes are regulated by osteocalcin
• High Level Abstractions:
• (mediated,osteocalcin)

• WIP (Read more)
• While their bones had developed normally, the mice appeared to be both noticeably fat and cognitively impaired.
  "Mice that don't have osteocalcin have increased circulating glucose, and they tend to look a bit stupid," says Ferron.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (ferron,karsenty,mice)
• (ferron,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin)
• Inferred entity relationships (10)

  (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,mutant) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,physiological) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,student) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty,mice) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• However to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,mice,student)
• Inferred entity relationships (5)

  (karsenty,mice,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,mutant) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• However to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,mice,mutant)
• Inferred entity relationships (5)

  (karsenty,mice,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,osteocalcin,physiological) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,student) [inferred]

  (karsenty,mice,organs) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• While their bones had developed normally, the mice appeared to be both noticeably fat and cognitively impaired.
  "Mice that don't have osteocalcin have increased circulating glucose, and they tend to look a bit stupid," says Ferron. "It may sound silly to say this, but they don't learn very well, they appear kind of depressed. But it took Karsenty and his team some time to understand how a protein in bone could be affecting these functions
• High Level Abstractions:
• (ferron,karsenty)
• Inferred entity relationships (2)

  (ferron,karsenty,mice,osteocalcin) [inferred]

  (ferron,karsenty,mice) [inferred]

• WIP (Read more)
• "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal. "In those days it was super-expensive to do modification in the mouse genome."
  But then Karsenty noticed something unexpected.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,super-expensive)

• WIP (Read more)
• However to his dismay, his mutant mice did not appear to have any obvious bone defects at all. "For him, it was initially a total failure," says Mathieu Ferron, a former student of Karsenty who now heads a research lab studying bone biology at ICRM in Montreal. "In those days it was super-expensive to do modification in the mouse genome."
  But then Karsenty noticed something unexpected
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,student)

• WIP (Read more)
• They were initially a bit surprised and terrified as it didn't really make any sense to them."
  Almost 15 years later, Karsenty would publish the first of a series of landmark papers that would revolutionise our perspective on bone and the skeleton in general.
• High Level Abstractions:
• (karsenty,revolutionise)

Target rule match count: 37.0 Challenge: 0.06 Momentum: 0.03 WIP: 0.41