the Cities of Richmond, Imperial Beach, Santa Cruz, Oakland, and the City and County of San Francisco (collectively, Local Entities) have filed pending actions against various fossil fuel industry defendants for creating, contributing to, and/or assisting in the creation of climate change-related harms within their respective jurisdictions (collectively, Pending Local Actions).149 The geographic areas covered by any claim or theory of recovery asserted by any Local Entity in the Pending Local Actions are excluded from, and not subsumed by, this action, except as to state-owned property and assets, and except as to harms or violations for which the State has exclusive authority to recover damages or obtain injunctive relief ...
Making misleading environmental marketing claims in violation of Business and Professions Code section 17580.5, as alleged in the Fourth Cause of Action; and. e. Failing to warn consumers of the known risks of fossil fuel use in violation of common law, as alleged in the Sixth and Seventh Causes of Action, which follow and which Plaintiff incorporates by reference herein ...
campaign to misdirect and stifle public knowledge in order to increase sales and protect profits.. 3 The effort included promoting hazardous fossil fuel products through advertising campaigns that. 4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were ...
that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas. In 2018,. 16 speaking at the Oil and Money conference in the U.K., Shell's CEO, after acknowledging the ...
Deceptively marketing their companies and their products as contributing to solutions to climate change when in reality their investments in clean energy and alternative fuels pale in comparison to their investments in expanding fossil fuel production, and those alternative fuels, such as natural gas, contribute to climate change; and ...
Deceptively marketing fossil fuel products claimed to be "low carbon," "emissions-reducing," "clean" and/or "green," or otherwise environmentally beneficial or benign, when in reality those products contribute to climate change and are harmful to the health of the plant and its people;. ...
pseudo-scientific theories of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials. 11 that prevented reasonable consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would. 12 cause grave climate changes, including those described herein ...
by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 25 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators of the known and foreseeable risks. ...
by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 15 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators, including in California, of the. ...
fuel products as safe with knowledge of how the intended use of those products would cause. 4 climate change-related harms, were designed to conceal and mislead consumers and the public,. ...
k. Exxon historically directed its fossil fuel product advertising, marketing, and. 23 promotional campaigns to California residents, including through maps that identify the locations. ...
top26 fuel products under its ARCO brand name. Among other operations, BP operates more than 300. 27 ARCO-licensed and branded gas stations in California, and distributes and markets petroleum-.
topTheir own comments reveal an awareness of what steps should have been. 19 taken. Defendants should have warned civil society and California consumers of the dangers.
top14 by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 15 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators, including in California, of the.
top14 by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 15 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators, including in California, of the
topTheir own comments reveal an awareness of what steps should have been. 19 taken. Defendants should have warned civil society and California consumers of the dangers.
top24 by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 25 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators of the known and foreseeable risks.
top24 by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 25 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators of the known and foreseeable risks.
top5 designed to influence consumers to continue using the Fossil Fuel Defendants'fossil fuel. 6 products, irrespective of those products'damage to communities and the environment
top... certain of the Fossil Fuel Defendants'fossil fuel products as environmentally beneficial, when in fact Defendants knew that those products would continue to contribute to climate change, and thus imperil the environment, if used as intended.
top20 of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials that prevented reasonable. 21 consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would cause grave climate harms,. 22 including those described herein
top20 of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials that prevented reasonable. 21 consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would cause grave climate harms,. 22 including those described herein
topBecause of a growing collective realization of past environmental damage and increasingly severe current and anticipated future climate change harms, consumers more often seek to buy products that they believe will not contribute to further injury...
top3 fuel products as safe with knowledge of how the intended use of those products would cause. 4 climate change-related harms, were designed to conceal and mislead consumers and the public,.
top20 of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials that prevented reasonable. 21 consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would cause grave climate harms,
topMaking misleading environmental marketing claims in violation of Business and Professions Code section 17580.5, as alleged in the Fourth Cause of Action; and. e. Failing to warn consumers of the known risks of fossil fuel use in violation of common law, as alleged in the Sixth and Seventh Causes of Action, which follow and which Plaintiff incorporates by reference herein
top10 pseudo-scientific theories of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials. 11 that prevented reasonable consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would. 12 cause grave climate changes, including those described herein
top10 pseudo-scientific theories of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials. 11 that prevented reasonable consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would. 12 cause grave climate changes, including those described herein
top15 too do Defendants peddle "low-carbon" and "emissions-reducing" fossil fuel products to persuade. 16 consumers that those products are climate-friendly alternatives to traditional fossil fuels
top21 the dangers of fossil fuel consumption, Defendants encouraged consumers to continue to use. 22 fossil fuels and discouraged policymakers from imposing regulations limiting the use of fossil.
top15 too do Defendants peddle "low-carbon" and "emissions-reducing" fossil fuel products to persuade. 16 consumers that those products are climate-friendly alternatives to traditional fossil fuels.
top10 pseudo-scientific theories of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials. 11 that prevented reasonable consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would
topFailing to warn consumers of the known risks of fossil fuel use in violation of common law, as alleged in the Sixth and Seventh Causes of Action, which follow and which Plaintiff incorporates by reference herein.
top22 k. Exxon historically directed its fossil fuel product advertising, marketing, and. 23 promotional campaigns to California residents, including through maps that identify the locations.
top10 and operated by ConocoPhillips and its predecessors-in-interest from 1997 to 2012.. 11 m. ConocoPhillips has historically directed its fossil fuel product advertising,
topdeceptively marketing their products as environmentally beneficial or benign when in reality those products contribute to climate change and are harmful to the health of the planet and its people.
top... "emissions-reducing," "clean" and/or "green," or otherwise environmentally beneficial or benign, when in reality those products contribute to climate change and are harmful to the health of the plant and its people;.
top15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas. In 2018,. 16 speaking at the Oil and Money conference in the U.K., Shell's CEO, after acknowledging the
top15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas. In 2018,. 16 speaking at the Oil and Money conference in the U.K., Shell's CEO, after acknowledging the.
top15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas. In 2018,. 16 speaking at the Oil and Money conference in the U.K., Shell's CEO, after acknowledging the
topDeceptively marketing their companies and their products as contributing to solutions to climate change when in reality their investments in clean energy and alternative fuels pale in comparison to their investments in expanding fossil fuel production, and those alternative fuels, such as natural gas, contribute to climate change; and
topfailing to warn the public about the hazards associated with the use of fossil fuel products; and. g. deceptively marketing their products as environmentally beneficial or benign when in reality those products contribute to climate change and are harmful to the health of the planet and its people
top12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. a. Deceptively marketing fossil fuel products claimed to be "low carbon," "emissions-reducing," "clean" and/or "green," or otherwise environmentally beneficial or benign, when in reality...
top4 and various front groups - mounted a public campaign of deception in order to continue. 5 wrongfully promoting and marketing their fossil fuel products, despite their own knowledge and. 6 the growing national and international scientific consensus about the hazards of doing so
top4 and various front groups - mounted a public campaign of deception in order to continue. 5 wrongfully promoting and marketing their fossil fuel products, despite their own knowledge and
topMaking misleading environmental marketing claims in violation of Business and Professions Code section 17580.5, as alleged in the Fourth Cause of Action; and.
top19 consumer demand for the Fossil Fuel Defendants'fossil fuel products. The Fossil Fuel. 20 Defendants directly controlled, supervised, and participated in API's misleading messaging.
top11 they had accepted climate science all along.105 Several large fossil fuel companies, including BP. 12 and Shell, left the GCC (although all the Fossil Fuel Defendants remained members of API).106.
top... inevitably causing, among other things, global warming, more frequent and extreme heat waves, more frequent and extreme droughts, injuries to public health, more frequent and extreme precipitation events, sea level rise, and the associated consequences of those physical and environmental changes.
top11 they had accepted climate science all along.105 Several large fossil fuel companies, including BP. 12 and Shell, left the GCC (although all the Fossil Fuel Defendants remained members of API).106
top... into the atmosphere, inevitably causing, among other things, global warming, more frequent and extreme heat waves, more frequent and extreme droughts, injuries to public health, more frequent and extreme precipitation events, sea level rise, and the associated consequences of those physical and environmental changes
top... manner, release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, inevitably causing, among other things, global warming, more frequent and extreme heat waves, more frequent and extreme droughts, injuries to public health, more frequent and extreme precipitation events, sea level rise, and the associated consequences of those physical and environmental changes
topEven if the Fossil Fuel Defendants did not adopt technological or energy source. 5 alternatives that would have reduced the use of fossil fuel products, reduced global GHG.
top... collectively knew or should have known that fossil fuel products, whether used as intended or in a foreseeable manner, release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, inevitably causing, among other things, global warming, more frequent and extreme heat waves, more frequent and extreme droughts, injuries to public health, more frequent and extreme precipitation events, sea level rise, and the associated consequences...
top... actions against various fossil fuel industry defendants for creating, contributing to, and/or assisting in the creation of climate change-related harms within their respective jurisdictions (collectively, Pending Local Actions).149 The geographic areas covered by any claim or theory of recovery asserted by any Local Entity in the Pending Local Actions are excluded from, and not subsumed by, this action, except as to state-owned property...
topAt all relevant times, Defendants were deeply familiar with opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuel products and associated GHG emissions, mitigate the harms associated with the use and consumption of these products, and promote development of alternative, clean energy sources
top5 alternatives that would have reduced the use of fossil fuel products, reduced global GHG. 6 pollution, and/or mitigated the harms associated with the use and consumption of such products,
top... County of San Francisco (collectively, Local Entities) have filed pending actions against various fossil fuel industry defendants for creating, contributing to, and/or assisting in the creation of climate change-related harms within their respective jurisdictions (collectively, Pending Local Actions).149 The geographic areas covered by any claim or theory of recovery asserted by any Local Entity in the Pending Local Actions...
topthe Cities of Richmond, Imperial Beach, Santa Cruz, Oakland, and the City and County of San Francisco (collectively, Local Entities) have filed pending actions against various fossil fuel industry defendants for creating, contributing to, and/or assisting in the creation of climate change-related harms within their respective jurisdictions (collectively, Pending Local Actions).149 The...
top... jurisdictions (collectively, Pending Local Actions).149 The geographic areas covered by any claim or theory of recovery asserted by any Local Entity in the Pending Local Actions are excluded from, and not subsumed by, this action, except as to state-owned property and assets, and except as to harms or violations for which the State has exclusive authority to recover damages or obtain injunctive relief
top... Pending Local Actions).149 The geographic areas covered by any claim or theory of recovery asserted by any Local Entity in the Pending Local Actions are excluded from, and not subsumed by, this action, except as to state-owned property and assets, and except as to harms or violations for which the State has exclusive authority to recover damages or obtain injunctive relief
topthe Cities of Richmond, Imperial Beach, Santa Cruz, Oakland, and the City and County of San Francisco (collectively, Local Entities) have filed pending actions against various fossil fuel industry defendants for creating, contributing to, and/or assisting in the creation of climate change-related harms...
top20 of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials that prevented reasonable. 21 consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would cause grave climate harms,. 22 including those described herein.
top... and/or assisting in the creation of climate change-related harms within their respective jurisdictions (collectively, Pending Local Actions).149 The geographic areas covered by any claim or theory of recovery asserted by any Local Entity in the Pending Local Actions are excluded from, and not subsumed by, this action, except as to state-owned property and assets, and except as to harms or violations for which...
top20 of their own; and developed public relations campaigns and materials that prevented reasonable. 21 consumers from recognizing the risk that fossil fuel products would cause grave climate harms,. 22 including those described herein.
top2 campaign to misdirect and stifle public knowledge in order to increase sales and protect profits.. 3 The effort included promoting hazardous fossil fuel products through advertising campaigns that. 4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were
top8 Fossil Fuel Defendants direct and control the branding, marketing, sales, promotions, image. 9 development, signage, and advertising of their branded fossil fuel products at their respectively. 10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing
top3 The effort included promoting hazardous fossil fuel products through advertising campaigns that. 4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were.
top2 campaign to misdirect and stifle public knowledge in order to increase sales and protect profits.. 3 The effort included promoting hazardous fossil fuel products through advertising campaigns that
topBecause of a growing collective realization of past environmental damage and increasingly severe current and anticipated future climate change harms, consumers more often seek to buy products that they believe will not contribute to further injury to the environment
top3 The effort included promoting hazardous fossil fuel products through advertising campaigns that. 4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were.
top7 Company, referred to collectively herein as the "BP Group," which explore for and extract oil and. 8 gas worldwide; refine oil into fossil fuel products such as gasoline; and market and sell oil, fuel,
top7 Company, referred to collectively herein as the "BP Group," which explore for and extract oil and. 8 gas worldwide; refine oil into fossil fuel products such as gasoline; and market and sell oil, fuel,.
top14 continued promotion of natural gas in a carbon constrained economy." As discussed above,. 15 natural gas is far from a "clean" fuel, as API misleadingly claims, as natural gas production and.
top7 Company, referred to collectively herein as the "BP Group," which explore for and extract oil and. 8 gas worldwide; refine oil into fossil fuel products such as gasoline; and market and sell oil, fuel,.
top4 gas industries, and identifying where potential reductions in GHG emissions from Defendants'. 5 fossil fuel products could be made.35. 6 53. In 1979, a paper prepared by API for the CO2 Task Force asserted that CO2
top7 indicated that other greenhouse gases related to fossil fuel production, such as methane (which is. 8 a more powerful GHG than CO2), "may significantly contribute to a global warming," and that.
topSince 1960, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has spiked from under 320 parts per million (ppm) to approximately 423 ppm.7 The concentration of atmospheric CO2 has also been accelerating.
topThis acceleration of fossil fuel emissions has led to a correspondingly sharp rise in atmospheric concentration of CO2. Since 1960, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has spiked from under 320 parts per million (ppm) to approximately 423 ppm.7 The concentration of...
top4 gas industries, and identifying where potential reductions in GHG emissions from Defendants'. 5 fossil fuel products could be made.35. 6 53. In 1979, a paper prepared by API for the CO2 Task Force asserted that CO2.
top4 gas industries, and identifying where potential reductions in GHG emissions from Defendants'. 5 fossil fuel products could be made.35. 6 53. In 1979, a paper prepared by API for the CO2 Task Force asserted that CO2.
top9 concerns over CO2 would be reduced if fossil fuel use were decreased due to "high price, scarcity,. 10 [or] unavailability."60 "Mitigation of the 'greenhouse effect'would require major reductions in
top7 indicated that other greenhouse gases related to fossil fuel production, such as methane (which is. 8 a more powerful GHG than CO2), "may significantly contribute to a global warming," and that
top7 indicated that other greenhouse gases related to fossil fuel production, such as methane (which is. 8 a more powerful GHG than CO2), "may significantly contribute to a global warming," and that.
topThe publication also falsely challenged the computer models that projected the future. 24 impacts of unabated fossil fuel product consumption, including those developed by Exxon's own
top24 impacts of unabated fossil fuel product consumption, including those developed by Exxon's own. 25 employees, as having been "proved to be inaccurate." The publication contradicted the numerous
topThe publication also falsely challenged the computer models that projected the future. 24 impacts of unabated fossil fuel product consumption, including those developed by Exxon's own
topEven if the Fossil Fuel Defendants did not adopt technological or energy source. 5 alternatives that would have reduced the use of fossil fuel products, reduced global GHG. 6 pollution, and/or mitigated the harms associated with the use and consumption of such products,
topThroughout the times at issue, the ordinary consumer would not recognize that the. 15 use of fossil fuel products causes global and localized changes in climate, and consequent injuries
topThroughout the times at issue, the ordinary consumer would not recognize that the. 15 use of fossil fuel products causes global and localized changes in climate, and consequent injuries. 16 to California, its communities, and its resources, as described herein.
topThroughout the times at issue, the ordinary consumer would not recognize that the. 5 use of fossil fuel products causes global and localized changes in climate, and consequent injuries. 6 to California, its communities, and its resources, as described herein.
top15 use of fossil fuel products causes global and localized changes in climate, and consequent injuries. 16 to California, its communities, and its resources, as described herein.
top5 use of fossil fuel products causes global and localized changes in climate, and consequent injuries. 6 to California, its communities, and its resources, as described herein.
top12 distributed externally."52 The primer explained the science behind climate change, confirmed. 13 fossil fuel combustion as a primary anthropogenic contributor to global warming, and estimated a
topAt all relevant times, Defendants were deeply familiar with opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuel products and associated GHG emissions, mitigate the harms associated with the use and consumption of these products, and promote development of alternative, clean energy...
top6 energy sources be initiated as soon as possible."59 The primer also noted that the analysis. 7 indicated that other greenhouse gases related to fossil fuel production, such as methane (which is.
topMoreover, Shell's investments in clean energy pale in comparison with its. 13 investments in fossil fuel production. In the first half of 2023, Shell reported $11.6 billion in total
topAt all relevant times, Defendants were deeply familiar with opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuel products and associated GHG emissions, mitigate the harms associated with the use and consumption of these products, and promote development of alternative, clean energy sources
topEven if the Fossil Fuel Defendants did not adopt technological or energy source. 5 alternatives that would have reduced the use of fossil fuel products, reduced global GHG.
topThroughout the early 1980s, at Exxon's direction, Exxon climate scientist Henry Shaw forecasted emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel use. Those estimates were incorporated into Exxon's twenty-first century energy projections and were distributed among Exxon's various divisions
topAt all relevant times, Defendants were deeply familiar with opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuel products and associated GHG emissions, mitigate the harms associated with the use and consumption of these products, and promote development of alternative, clean energy sources
top14 researched, developed, manufactured, designed, marketed, distributed, released, promoted, and/or. 15 otherwise sold its fossil fuel products in markets around the United States, including within.
top14 researched, developed, manufactured, designed, marketed, distributed, released, promoted, and/or. 15 otherwise sold its fossil fuel products in markets around the United States, including within.
topSignificant quantities of BP's fossil fuel products are or have been transported,. 22 traded, distributed, promoted, marketed, manufactured, sold, and/or consumed in California, from.
top8 "Shell US App" that offers California consumers a cashless payment method for gasoline and. 9 other products at Shell-branded service stations.
top21 known as the "Fuel Forward App." The application offers California consumers a cashless. 22 payment method for gasoline and other products at 76-branded service stations.
top5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which. 6 encourages consumers to use Shell-branded gas stations by offering various rewards, including
top26 to identify and activate gas pumps at 76-branded service stations, California consumers can. 27 receive additional rewards, such as further discounts on ConocoPhillips gasoline purchases
top21 known as the "Fuel Forward App." The application offers California consumers a cashless. 22 payment method for gasoline and other products at 76-branded service stations
topConocoPhillips offers a proprietary credit card known as the "76 Credit Card," which. 17 allows consumers in California to pay for gasoline and other products at 76-branded service
topConocoPhillips offers a proprietary credit card known as the "76 Credit Card," which. 17 allows consumers in California to pay for gasoline and other products at 76-branded service
topShell further maintains a smartphone application known as the. 8 "Shell US App" that offers California consumers a cashless payment method for gasoline and. 9 other products at Shell-branded service stations.
topShell further maintains a smartphone application known as the. 8 "Shell US App" that offers California consumers a cashless payment method for gasoline and. 9 other products at Shell-branded service stations
topBelow are representative examples of the Fossil Fuel Defendants'advertisements to. 21 California consumers that misleadingly portray fossil fuels as environmentally beneficial or. 22 benign and fail to mention the products'role in causing environmentally injurious climate
topThese products, which Defendants tout as "green," "clean" and/or "cleaner," and/or "environmentally friendly," in fact result in the increase of GHG emissions, despite Defendants'knowledge that, when used as designed and intended, these products lead to climate change.
topThese products, which Defendants tout as "green," "clean" and/or "cleaner," and/or "environmentally friendly," in fact result in the increase of GHG emissions, despite Defendants'knowledge that, when used as designed and intended, these products lead to climate change.
topCalifornia consumers can also apply for a 76 Credit Card through the application. By. 25 registering their personal identifying information in the application and by using the application
topConocoPhillips further maintains a nationwide smartphone application. 21 known as the "Fuel Forward App." The application offers California consumers a cashless. 22 payment method for gasoline and other products at 76-branded service stations.
topAs a result of Defendants'sustained and widespread campaign of disinformation,. 25 many California consumers have been unaware of the strength of the scientific consensus about.
topDelayed societal development and adoption of alternative energy sources and related efforts to curb anthropogenic GHG emissions have therefore increased environmental harms and increased the magnitude and cost to address harms, including to California, that have already occurred or are locked in as a result of historical emissions
topDelayed societal development and adoption of alternative energy sources and related efforts to curb anthropogenic GHG emissions have therefore increased environmental harms and increased the magnitude and cost to address harms, including to California, that have already occurred or are locked in as a result of historical...
topAt all relevant times, Defendants were deeply familiar with opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuel products and associated GHG emissions, mitigate the harms associated with the use and consumption of these products, and promote development of alternative, clean energy sources
topDefendants'individual and collective conduct is a substantial factor in causing harms. 6 to California. This conduct includes, but is not limited to, their wrongful promotion of fossil fuel.
topDelayed societal development and adoption of alternative energy sources and related efforts to curb anthropogenic GHG emissions have therefore increased environmental harms and increased the magnitude and cost to address harms, including to California, that have...
top... opportunities to reduce the use of fossil fuel products and associated GHG emissions, mitigate the harms associated with the use and consumption of these products, and promote development of alternative, clean energy sources.
topAs a direct and proximate result of Defendants'acts and omissions, the State will be required to expend significant public resources to mitigate the impacts of climate-related harms throughout California.
topDelayed societal development and adoption of alternative energy sources and related efforts to curb anthropogenic GHG emissions have therefore increased environmental harms and increased the magnitude and cost to address...
topDelayed societal development and adoption of alternative energy sources and related efforts to curb anthropogenic GHG emissions have therefore increased environmental harms and increased the magnitude and cost to address harms, including to California, that have already occurred or are locked in as a result of historical emissions
top26 of the oil and gas industries'operations in California and elsewhere in the United States. The. 27 reports, sponsored by API, on which API bases its claims, do not mention climate change at all,
top15 in the District of Columbia and registered to do business in California. API was created in 1919 to. 16 represent the American oil and gas industry as a whole
top26 of the oil and gas industries'operations in California and elsewhere in the United States. The. 27 reports, sponsored by API, on which API bases its claims, do not mention climate change at all,
top5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.
top15 in the District of Columbia and registered to do business in California. API was created in 1919 to. 16 represent the American oil and gas industry as a whole. With more than 600 members, API is the.
top5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.. 7 f. All of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and/or their predecessors-in-interest have
top5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.. 7 f. All of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and/or their predecessors-in-interest have.
top4 public of the close economic relationship that exists between the petroleum industry and other. 5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.
top4 public of the close economic relationship that exists between the petroleum industry and other. 5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and
topIn addition to its Synergy fuels, Exxon offers for sale, and has marketed, Mobil. 23 1TM ESP x2 motor oil to California consumers. From 2016 through at least 2022, Exxon promoted
top1 purchase and use of this motor oil conveys an environmental benefit, when in fact the opposite is. 2 true.. 3 c. Shell also offers for sale and markets in California gasoline and oil products.
top7 Shell Oil Products Company LLC is incorporated in Delaware, with its principal place of business. 8 in Houston, Texas, and has been registered to do business in California since 2001. Shell Oil. 9 Products Company LLC was formerly known as, did or does business as, and/or is the successor
top24 Martinez, California. From 1998-2007, Shell owned and operated an oil refinery in Wilmington,. 25 California. From 1998 to 2005, Shell owned and operated an oil refinery in Bakersfield,
top7 operates oil refineries in Arroyo Grande, Colton, and Wilmington, California; and distributes. 8 ConocoPhillips fossil fuel products throughout California
top4 public of the close economic relationship that exists between the petroleum industry and other. 5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.. 7 f. All of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and/or their predecessors-in-interest have
top11 California. Exxon and its predecessors owned and operated an oil refinery in Torrance, California. 12 from 1966 to 2016, shortly after an explosion disabled the refinery.
topExxon and its predecessors owned and operated an oil refinery in Torrance, California. 12 from 1966 to 2016, shortly after an explosion disabled the refinery.
top7 Shell Oil Products Company LLC is incorporated in Delaware, with its principal place of business. 8 in Houston, Texas, and has been registered to do business in California since 2001
topShell also supplies, markets, and. 20 promotes its Pennzoil line of lubricants at retail and service stations throughout California. From. 21 1924 to 1992, Shell owned and operated an oil refinery in Carson, California, where it now owns
top7 by which it directs California residents to Chevron's nearby retail service stations. Chevron. 8 markets and sells engine lubricants and motor oils to California customers under its Delo,.
topShell also supplies, markets, and. 20 promotes its Pennzoil line of lubricants at retail and service stations throughout California. From. 21 1924 to 1992, Shell owned and operated an oil refinery in Carson, California, where it now owns
top20 promotes its Pennzoil line of lubricants at retail and service stations throughout California. From. 21 1924 to 1992, Shell owned and operated an oil refinery in Carson, California, where it now owns.
topShell also supplies, markets, and. 20 promotes its Pennzoil line of lubricants at retail and service stations throughout California
top7 by which it directs California residents to Chevron's nearby retail service stations. Chevron. 8 markets and sells engine lubricants and motor oils to California customers under its Delo,.
top3 which it directs California residents to Shell's nearby retail service stations. Shell offers a. 4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in.
top7 by which it directs California residents to Chevron's nearby retail service stations. Chevron. 8 markets and sells engine lubricants and motor oils to California customers under its Delo,.
top3 which it directs California residents to Shell's nearby retail service stations. Shell offers a. 4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in.
topShell also supplies, markets, and. 20 promotes its Pennzoil line of lubricants at retail and service stations throughout California.
top7 by which it directs California residents to Chevron's nearby retail service stations. Chevron. 8 markets and sells engine lubricants and motor oils to California customers under its Delo,
top20 petroleum products, including engine lubricants and motor oils sold under the "Mobil 1" brand.
topConocoPhillips also markets and sells to California customers at retail outlets. 27 engine lubricants and motor oils under its Phillips 66, Kendall, and Red Line brand names.
topConocoPhillips also markets and sells to California customers at retail outlets. 27 engine lubricants and motor oils under its Phillips 66, Kendall, and Red Line brand names.
top20 promotes its Pennzoil line of lubricants at retail and service stations throughout California. From. 21 1924 to 1992, Shell owned and operated an oil refinery in Carson, California, where it now owns.
top14 California, from which activities Shell derives and has derived substantial revenue. Shell. 15 conducts and controls, either directly or through franchise agreements, retail fossil fuel sales at
top22 California, from which activities ConocoPhillips derives and has derived substantial revenue.. 23 ConocoPhillips conducts and controls, either directly or through franchise agreements, retail
top2 relevant to this Complaint, BP sold a substantial percentage of all retail gasoline sold in. 3 California. BP's marketing and trading business maintains an office in Irvine, California.
top2 relevant to this Complaint, BP sold a substantial percentage of all retail gasoline sold in. 3 California. BP's marketing and trading business maintains an office in Irvine, California.
top19 a substantial percentage of all retail gasoline in California. Exxon also markets and sells. 20 petroleum products, including engine lubricants and motor oils sold under the "Mobil 1" brand.
top14 California, from which activities Shell derives and has derived substantial revenue. Shell. 15 conducts and controls, either directly or through franchise agreements, retail fossil fuel sales at
top22 California, from which activities ConocoPhillips derives and has derived substantial revenue.. 23 ConocoPhillips conducts and controls, either directly or through franchise agreements, retail
top1 purchase and use of this motor oil conveys an environmental benefit, when in fact the opposite is. 2 true.. 3 c. Shell also offers for sale and markets in California gasoline and oil products.
top10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their
top10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their
top10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their.
top10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their.
top10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their
top1 purchase and use of this motor oil conveys an environmental benefit, when in fact the opposite is. 2 true.. 3 c. Shell also offers for sale and markets in California gasoline and oil products.. 4 Shell describes its products as "cleaning" and that their use "produces fewer emissions." Shell's
top8 when in fact they are fossil fuels which, when used as designed and intended, contribute to. 9 climate change.. 10 d. Similarly, Chevron's gasoline offered for sale and marketed in California,. 11 Chevron with Techron, is marketed as having "cleaning power" that minimizes emissions
top5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which. 6 encourages consumers to use Shell-branded gas stations by offering various rewards, including
top26 to identify and activate gas pumps at 76-branded service stations, California consumers can. 27 receive additional rewards, such as further discounts on ConocoPhillips gasoline purchases
top15 environmentally beneficial or benign, when they are not.. 16 e. ConocoPhillips, through its 76-branded gas stations in California, offers for sale. 17 and markets its 76-brand fossil fuels. In ConocoPhillips's advertisements for its 76-brand fuels,
top9 development, signage, and advertising of their branded fossil fuel products at their respectively. 10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their
topAmong other operations, BP operates more than 300. 27 ARCO-licensed and branded gas stations in California, and distributes and markets petroleum-. 28 based lubricants marketed under the Castrol brand name throughout California.
topChevron operates over 1,500 Chevron-branded petroleum service stations in California.. 26 Chevron has owned and operated an oil refinery in Richmond, California, since 1902, and has.
topExxon has purposefully directed its tortious conduct toward California by. 14 distributing, marketing, advertising, promoting, and supplying its fossil fuel products in
topBP has purposefully directed its tortious conduct toward California by. 28 distributing, marketing, advertising, promoting, and supplying its fossil fuel products in 23
top12 petrochemical products.. 13 h. Exxon has purposefully directed its tortious conduct toward California by. 14 distributing, marketing, advertising, promoting, and supplying its fossil fuel products in
top2 relevant to this Complaint, BP sold a substantial percentage of all retail gasoline sold in. 3 California. BP's marketing and trading business maintains an office in Irvine, California. BP. 4 maintains an energy research center in San Diego, California
top2 relevant to this Complaint, BP sold a substantial percentage of all retail gasoline sold in. 3 California. BP's marketing and trading business maintains an office in Irvine, California
top9 development, signage, and advertising of their branded fossil fuel products at their respectively. 10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their
topThe Fossil Fuel Defendants - both on their own and jointly through industry and front groups such as API and the GCC - funded, conceived, planned, and carried out a sustained and widespread campaign of denial and disinformation about the existence of climate change and their products'contribution to it
top27 conducted activities in California at the direction and for the benefit of its parent company.. 28 Specifically, the subsidiaries furthered each parent company's campaign of deception and denial 29.
topThe Fossil Fuel Defendants - both on their own and jointly through industry and front groups such as API and the GCC - funded, conceived, planned, and carried out a sustained and widespread campaign of denial and disinformation...
top... Fossil Fuel Defendants - both on their own and jointly through industry and front groups such as API and the GCC - funded, conceived, planned, and carried out a sustained and widespread campaign of denial and disinformation about the existence of climate change and their products'contribution to it.
topThe Fossil Fuel Defendants - both on their own and jointly through industry and front groups such as API and the GCC - funded, conceived, planned, and carried out a sustained and widespread campaign of denial and disinformation about the existence of climate change and their products'contribution to...
top24 152. As a result of Defendants'sustained and widespread campaign of disinformation,. 25 many California consumers have been unaware of the strength of the scientific consensus about
top21 products on climate change through "greenwashing." Through recent advertising campaigns and. 22 public statements in California and/or intended to reach California, including but not limited to
topDelayed societal development and adoption of alternative energy sources and related efforts to curb anthropogenic GHG emissions have therefore increased environmental harms and increased the magnitude and cost to address harms, including to California, that have already occurred or are locked in as a result of historical emissions
top16 about the magnitude and the urgency of climate threats, Defendants delayed regulatory action on. 17 GHG emissions, exacerbating the climate crisis and causing significant harm to California and its
top27 as pesticides, herbicides, nutrients, and mercury. Under current GHG emissions trajectories, 82%. 28 of native California freshwater fishes have an increased probability of becoming extinct by 2100; 117.
top16 about the magnitude and the urgency of climate threats, Defendants delayed regulatory action on. 17 GHG emissions, exacerbating the climate crisis and causing significant harm to California and its. 18 residents.
top16 about the magnitude and the urgency of climate threats, Defendants delayed regulatory action on. 17 GHG emissions, exacerbating the climate crisis and causing significant harm to California and its. 18 residents.
topShell also offers for sale and markets in California gasoline and oil products.. 4 Shell describes its products as "cleaning" and that their use "produces fewer emissions." Shell's
topSimilarly, Chevron's gasoline offered for sale and marketed in California,. 11 Chevron with Techron, is marketed as having "cleaning power" that minimizes emissions
topShell also offers for sale and markets in California gasoline and oil products.. 4 Shell describes its products as "cleaning" and that their use "produces fewer emissions." Shell's
topSimilarly, Chevron's gasoline offered for sale and marketed in California,. 11 Chevron with Techron, is marketed as having "cleaning power" that minimizes emissions
topSimilarly, Chevron's gasoline offered for sale and marketed in California,. 11 Chevron with Techron, is marketed as having "cleaning power" that minimizes emissions.
topShell also offers for sale and markets in California gasoline and oil products.. 4 Shell describes its products as "cleaning" and that their use "produces fewer emissions." Shell's
topSimilarly, Chevron's gasoline offered for sale and marketed in California,. 11 Chevron with Techron, is marketed as having "cleaning power" that minimizes emissions.
topb. In 1986, the Norwegian parliament granted Norske Shell authority to complete the first development phase of the Troll field gas deposits, and Norske Shell began designing the "Troll A" gas platform, with the intent to begin operation of the platform...
top18 business interests, which includes increasing consumer consumption of oil and gas for the. 19 financial profit of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and other oil and gas companies
top3 other things, it has ensured a thriving consumer market for oil and gas, resulting in substantial. 4 profits for the Fossil Fuel Defendants.. 5 c. API's stated mission includes "influenc[ing] public policy in support of a.
top5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.
top18 business interests, which includes increasing consumer consumption of oil and gas for the. 19 financial profit of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and other oil and gas companies.
topThe Fossil Fuel Defendants also collectively promote their petroleum and natural gas. 11 products through Defendant API, which makes public statements and claims about oil and natural.
top5 lines of business." API also regularly hosts within California trade association events for oil and. 6 gas and related industries.. 7 f. All of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and/or their predecessors-in-interest have
topIn 1979, Norske Shell was approved by Norwegian oil and gas regulators to operate a portion of the Troll oil and gas field.. b. In 1986, the Norwegian parliament granted Norske Shell authority to complete the first development phase of the Troll field gas deposits, and Norske Shell began designing the "Troll...
top25 Corporation is a multinational, vertically integrated energy and chemical company and one of the. 26 largest publicly traded international oil and gas companies in the world
topIf they did think that, they would be wrong." Leaving no. 21 doubt about Shell's plans regarding clean, renewable energy, or lack thereof, he stated that.
topAPI's purpose is to advance its members'collective. 18 business interests, which includes increasing consumer consumption of oil and gas for the. 19 financial profit of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and other oil and gas companies
top25 run numerous press releases within California touting the direct and indirect benefits to California. 26 of the oil and gas industries'operations in California and elsewhere in the United States. The. 27 reports, sponsored by API, on which API bases its claims, do not mention climate change at all,
top19 section reveals this purpose. API concluded: "[S]evere reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by. 20 the United States, or even all developed countries, would impose large costs on those countries.
top8 and gas companies. In effect, API acts and has acted as a marketing arm for its member. 9 companies, including the Fossil Fuel Defendants.
top14 Fuel Defendants'fossil fuels are beneficial or benign, not harmful, to the environment. In. 15 particular, API's marketing material falsely promotes the narrative that natural gas is an. 16 environmentally friendly fuel
top14 Fuel Defendants'fossil fuels are beneficial or benign, not harmful, to the environment. In. 15 particular, API's marketing material falsely promotes the narrative that natural gas is an
top... messaging regarding the alleged environmental benefits of natural gas, coupled with its positive environmental imagery and messaging, is likely to mislead reasonable consumers by suggesting that fossil fuels, in particular natural gas, are environmentally beneficial and not harmful to the climate.
topAPI concluded: "[S]evere reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by. 20 the United States, or even all developed countries, would impose large costs on those countries.
top... activists realize that, the more effective they'll be at continuing to slash emissions." API's misleading messaging regarding the alleged environmental benefits of natural gas, coupled with its positive environmental imagery and messaging, is likely to mislead reasonable consumers by suggesting that fossil fuels, in particular natural gas, are environmentally beneficial and not harmful to the climate
top19 ConocoPhillips claims that its fuels "clean" a car's engine, resulting in "lower emissions, and that.
topThe sooner green activists realize that, the more effective they'll be at continuing to slash emissions." API's misleading messaging regarding the alleged environmental benefits of natural gas, coupled with its positive environmental imagery and messaging, is likely to mislead reasonable consumers by...
topConocoPhillips, through its 76-branded gas stations in California, offers for sale. 17 and markets its 76-brand fossil fuels. In ConocoPhillips's advertisements for its 76-brand fuels,
top18 including advertisements on or near the pumps at 76-branded gas stations in California,. 19 ConocoPhillips claims that its fuels "clean" a car's engine, resulting in "lower emissions, and that
top1 Washington Post, Shell touts its investments in "lower-carbon transport fuels," including natural. 2 gas. In "The Mobility Quandary," under a "Finding Sustainable Solutions" banner, Shell singles
topConocoPhillips, through its 76-branded gas stations in California, offers for sale. 17 and markets its 76-brand fossil fuels. In ConocoPhillips's advertisements for its 76-brand fuels,
topThese extremes are the products of climate change, and. 8 climate change is the product of widespread combustion of fossil fuels. Oil and gas company. 9 executives have known for decades that reliance on fossil fuels would cause these catastrophic
topDefendants include some of the largest oil and gas companies in the world, and a. 13 national oil and gas industry trade association. The fossil fuels produced by the defendant
top14 Fuel Defendants'fossil fuels are beneficial or benign, not harmful, to the environment. In. 15 particular, API's marketing material falsely promotes the narrative that natural gas is an.
topDeceptively marketing their companies and their products as contributing to solutions to climate change when in reality their investments in clean energy and alternative fuels pale in comparison to their investments in expanding...
top1 Washington Post, Shell touts its investments in "lower-carbon transport fuels," including natural. 2 gas. In "The Mobility Quandary," under a "Finding Sustainable Solutions" banner, Shell singles
top14 Fuel Defendants'fossil fuels are beneficial or benign, not harmful, to the environment. In. 15 particular, API's marketing material falsely promotes the narrative that natural gas is an
top9 Shell position is stated clearly in the report: "Scientific uncertainty and the evolution of energy. 10 systems indicate that policies to curb greenhouse gas emissions beyond 'no regrets'measures.
top... falsely, that, "[n]atural gas is an economical, environmentally friendly complement to renewable energy. The sooner green activists realize that, the more effective they'll be at continuing to slash emissions." API's misleading messaging regarding the alleged environmental benefits of natural gas, coupled with its positive environmental imagery and messaging, is likely to mislead reasonable consumers by...
topThe sooner green activists realize that, the more effective they'll be at continuing to slash emissions." API's misleading messaging regarding the alleged environmental benefits of natural gas, coupled with its positive environmental imagery and messaging, is likely to mislead reasonable consumers by suggesting...
top22 which it ended in 2020, the company's investments in renewable energy, such as solar and wind. 23 energy, and "cleaner" energy like natural gas. In its "Blade Runner" advertisement, BP claims
top9 Shell position is stated clearly in the report: "Scientific uncertainty and the evolution of energy. 10 systems indicate that policies to curb greenhouse gas emissions beyond 'no regrets'measures.
topDeceptively marketing their companies and their products as contributing to solutions to climate change when in reality their investments in clean energy and alternative fuels pale in comparison to their investments in expanding fossil fuel production, and those alternative fuels, such as natural gas, contribute to climate change; and
top8 CO2 from flue gases (i.e., exhaust gas produced by combustion) was technologically possible, the. 9 cost was high, and "energy conservation or shifting to renewable energy sources[] represent the
top8 CO2 from flue gases (i.e., exhaust gas produced by combustion) was technologically possible, the. 9 cost was high, and "energy conservation or shifting to renewable energy sources[] represent the
top... emissions." API's misleading messaging regarding the alleged environmental benefits of natural gas, coupled with its positive environmental imagery and messaging, is likely to mislead reasonable consumers by suggesting that fossil fuels, in particular natural gas, are environmentally beneficial and not harmful to the climate
topThe book's final. 19 section reveals this purpose. API concluded: "[S]evere reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by. 20 the United States, or even all developed countries, would impose large costs on those countries
topAccording to the IPCC, the evidence that. 18 humans are causing this warming of the Earth is unequivocal.3. 19 28. Greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities are the most significant driver
topShell's CEO told the BBC that cutting oil and gas production would be. 26 "dangerous and irresponsible." Moreover, in advertisements in The New York Times and The.
top3 with monitoring research, evaluating the implications of emerging science for the petroleum and. 4 gas industries, and identifying where potential reductions in GHG emissions from Defendants'
top9 Shell position is stated clearly in the report: "Scientific uncertainty and the evolution of energy. 10 systems indicate that policies to curb greenhouse gas emissions beyond 'no regrets'measures. 11 could be premature, divert resources from more pressing needs and further distort markets."79
top25 reduction in emissions. Shell's CEO told the BBC that cutting oil and gas production would be. 26 "dangerous and irresponsible." Moreover, in advertisements in The New York Times and The
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which.
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which.
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which. 6 encourages consumers to use Shell-branded gas stations by offering various rewards, including
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which. 6 encourages consumers to use Shell-branded gas stations by offering various rewards, including
top5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which. 6 encourages consumers to use Shell-branded gas stations by offering various rewards, including.
top11 receive rewards, including discounts on gasoline purchases, by registering their personal. 12 identifying information in the Shell US App and using the application to identify and activate gas.
top14 spending, of which less than $1 billion went to renewables and "energy solutions" - a category. 15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas. In 2018,. 16 speaking at the Oil and Money conference in the U.K., Shell's CEO, after acknowledging the
top14 spending, of which less than $1 billion went to renewables and "energy solutions" - a category. 15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas
topDeceptively marketing their companies and their products as contributing to solutions to climate change when in reality their investments in clean energy and alternative fuels pale in comparison to their investments in expanding fossil fuel production, and those alternative fuels, such...
top14 spending, of which less than $1 billion went to renewables and "energy solutions" - a category. 15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas
top14 spending, of which less than $1 billion went to renewables and "energy solutions" - a category. 15 that also includes fossil fuel investments such as marketing and trading of pipeline gas. In 2018,. 16 speaking at the Oil and Money conference in the U.K., Shell's CEO, after acknowledging the
top10 branded gas stations in California, including point-of-sale advertising and marketing. The Fossil. 11 Fuel Defendants dictate which grades and formulations of their gasoline may be sold at their.
topThese include advertisements and promotional campaign websites that have been directed at. 13 and/or reached California, which reasonable consumers would understand to mean that the Fossil
top25 registering their personal identifying information in the application and by using the application. 26 to identify and activate gas pumps at 76-branded service stations, California consumers can. 27 receive additional rewards, such as further discounts on ConocoPhillips gasoline purchases
top6 strong, viable U.S. oil and natural gas industry," which includes increasing consumers'. 7 consumption of oil and gas for the financial benefit of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and other oil
topoil and natural gas industry," which includes increasing consumers'. 7 consumption of oil and gas for the financial benefit of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and other oil.
top18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. Based on the very large size of the gas deposits in the Troll field, the Troll A platform was projected to operate for approximately 70 years.
top14 delaying the advent of alternative energy sources not based on fossil fuels.. 15 109. As a result of Defendants'tortious, deceptive, and misleading conduct, consumers of
top18 biofuel, but Exxon continues to invest in its development of fossil fuels, as it has done for. 19 decades.. 20 144. Shell also falsely portrays itself to consumers as part of the climate solution.
top12 deceiving consumers, lawmakers, and the public about the existential hazards of burning fossil. 13 fuels - all with the purpose and effect of perpetuating and inflating usage of fossil fuels and
topA social reaction to the use of fossil fuels grows, and individuals become 'vigilante environmentalists'in the same way, a generation earlier, they had become fiercely anti-tobacco
top8 assumptions."130 But instead of pursuing a clean energy transition or warning the public about the. 9 dangers of burning fossil fuels, Defendants chose to deceive consumers to preserve Fossil Fuel. 10 Defendants'profits and assets.
top19 as safe with knowledge of how the intended use of those products would cause climate change-. 20 related harms, were designed to conceal and mislead consumers and the public, including the
top23 as safe with knowledge of how the intended use of those products would cause climate change-. 24 related harms, were designed to conceal these harms and mislead consumers and the public,
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which
top12 encouraged California consumers to use Chevron-branded service stations by offering various. 13 rewards, including discounts on gasoline purchases at Chevron service stations and cash rebates
top12 encouraged California consumers to use Chevron-branded service stations by offering various. 13 rewards, including discounts on gasoline purchases at Chevron service stations and cash rebates.
top4 proprietary credit card known as the "Shell Fuel Rewards Card," which allows consumers in. 5 California to pay for gasoline and other products at Shell-branded service stations, and which.
top8 "Shell US App" that offers California consumers a cashless payment method for gasoline and. 9 other products at Shell-branded service stations
topThe campaign included a long-term pattern of direct misrepresentations and material omissions, as well as a plan to influence consumers indirectly by affecting public opinion through the dissemination of misleading information to the press, government, and academia
topThe campaign included a long-term pattern of direct misrepresentations and material omissions, as well as a plan to influence consumers indirectly by affecting public opinion through the dissemination of misleading information to the press, government, and academia
topThe campaign included a long-term pattern of direct misrepresentations and material omissions, as well as a plan to influence consumers indirectly by affecting public opinion through the dissemination of misleading information to the...
topRather than warn consumers, the public, and governments, however, Defendants. 11 mounted a disinformation campaign beginning at least as early as the 1970s to discredit the
topThe campaign included a long-term pattern of direct misrepresentations and material omissions, as well as a plan to influence consumers indirectly by affecting public opinion through the dissemination of misleading information to the press, government, and academia.
topRather than warn consumers, the public, and governments, however, Defendants. 11 mounted a disinformation campaign beginning at least as early as the 1970s to discredit the.
topAs a result of Defendants'sustained and widespread campaign of disinformation,. 25 many California consumers have been unaware of the strength of the scientific consensus about
topRather than warn consumers, the public, and governments, however, Defendants. 11 mounted a disinformation campaign beginning at least as early as the 1970s to discredit the.
topComplaint for Abatement, Equitable Relief, Penalties, and Damages. . 1 internal discussion on climate change to a public campaign aimed at deceiving consumers and the. 2 public, including the inhabitants of California. These key events included the following:
top19 transition to cleaner energy sources in California that could help minimize catastrophic climatic. 20 consequences;. 21 c.
top7 companies'alleged investments in clean energy. Defendants'greenwashing ultimately attempts to. 8 persuade California consumers to support Defendants'purported attempts to contribute to climate.
top14 delaying the advent of alternative energy sources not based on fossil fuels.. 15 109. As a result of Defendants'tortious, deceptive, and misleading conduct, consumers of
top4 present day, Shell has advertised its fossil fuel products in print publications circulated widely to. 5 California consumers, including but not limited to the following: The Atlantic, The Economist,
topAbout a third of American consumers surveyed report "reward[ing] companies that are taking steps to reduce global warming by buying their products" and "punish[ing] companies that are opposing steps to reduce global warming by not buying their products" (id
topForthrightly communicating with consumers, the public, regulators,. 22 shareholders, banks, insurers, and the State, and warning them about the global warming hazards.
topForthrightly communicating with consumers, the public, regulators,. 22 shareholders, banks, insurers, and the State, and warning them about the global warming hazards.
top22 making affirmative misrepresentations to California consumers, as well as misleading them by. 23 omission, about the existence, causes, and effects of global warming; and by affirmatively
top22 making affirmative misrepresentations to California consumers, as well as misleading them by. 23 omission, about the existence, causes, and effects of global warming; and by affirmatively
topForthrightly communicating with consumers, the public, regulators,. 22 shareholders, banks, insurers, and the State, and warning them about the global warming hazards.
topAbout a third of American consumers surveyed report "reward[ing] companies that are taking steps to reduce global warming by buying their products" and "punish[ing] companies that are opposing steps to reduce global...
top22 making affirmative misrepresentations to California consumers, as well as misleading them by. 23 omission, about the existence, causes, and effects of global warming; and by affirmatively.
topoil and natural gas industry," which includes increasing consumers'. 7 consumption of oil and gas for the financial benefit of the Fossil Fuel Defendants and other oil.
topBelow are representative examples of the Fossil Fuel Defendants'advertisements to. 21 California consumers that misleadingly portray fossil fuels as environmentally beneficial or.
top14 by their fossil fuel products, the Fossil Fuel Defendants, and each of them, failed to adequately. 15 warn customers, consumers, elected officials, and regulators, including in California, of the.
top4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were. 5 designed to influence consumers to continue using the Fossil Fuel Defendants'fossil fuel
topBelow are representative examples of the Fossil Fuel Defendants'advertisements to. 21 California consumers that misleadingly portray fossil fuels as environmentally beneficial or.
top4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were. 5 designed to influence consumers to continue using the Fossil Fuel Defendants'fossil fuel. 6 products, irrespective of those products'damage to communities and the environment
topBelow are representative examples of the Fossil Fuel Defendants'advertisements to. 21 California consumers that misleadingly portray fossil fuels as environmentally beneficial or.
top4 failed to warn of the existential risks associated with the use of those products and that were. 5 designed to influence consumers to continue using the Fossil Fuel Defendants'fossil fuel